Table 2 Risk of bias assessment
From: Down the brain drain: a rapid review exploring physician emigration from West Africa
Study ID | Abstract and title | Intro and aims | Method and data | Sampling | Data analysis | Ethics and bias | Results | Transferability or generalizability | Implications and usefulness | Total | Gradea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Astor et al. [12] | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 30 | A |
Eastwood et al. [13] | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 26 | B |
Eliason [2] | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 33 | A |
Hagopian et al. [14] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 30 | A |
Ike [15] | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 21 | C |
Jenkins et al. [16] | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 32 | A |
Karan et al. [11] | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 26 | B |
Loh et al. [20] | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 29 | B |
Mullan 2005 [24] | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 30 | A |
Mullan 2007 [21] | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 20 | C |
Nwadiuko et al. [22] | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 34 | A |
Okeke [23] | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 34 | A |
Opoku and Apenteng [17] | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 34 | A |
Ossai et al. [18] | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 34 | A |
Udonwa [19] | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 20 | C |
Woodward [3] | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 32 | A |
Wright et al. [25] | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 24 | B |